In The Book of Healing, Avicenna discusses the mind, its existence, the mind–body relationship, sensation, perception, etc. See also: Avicennism and The Canon of Medicine As a matter of fact, the petrifaction of the bodies of plants and animals is not more extraordinary than the transformation of waters.' Psychology 'If what is said concerning the petrifaction of animals and plants is true, the cause of this (phenomenon) is a powerful mineralizing and petrifying virtue which arises in certain stony spots, or emanates suddenly from the earth during earthquake and subsidences, and petrifies whatever comes into contact with it. Ibn Sina made the following observation on the theories held at the time on fossils and the petrifaction of plants and animals: Aristotle previously explained it in terms of vaporous exhalations, which Ibn Sina modified into the theory of petrifying fluids ( succus lapidificatus), which was elaborated on by Albertus Magnus in the 13th century and accepted in some form by most naturalists by the 16th century. Ibn Sina also contributed to paleontology with his explanation of how the stoniness of fossils was caused. 1000, Avicenna was already suggesting a hypothesis about the origin of mountain ranges, which in the Christian world, would still have been considered quite radical eight hundred years later Paleontology Toulmin and Goodfield (1965), commented on Avicenna's contribution to geology: Īround A.D. He created a synthesis of ideas concerning the nature of the mineral and metallic states. Ibn Sina's theory on the formation of metals combined the alchemical sulfur-mercury theory of metals (although he was a critic of alchemy) with the mineralogical theories of Aristotle and Theophrastus. In astronomy, the book proposes the theory that Venus is closer to Earth than the Sun. It was influenced by ancient Greek philosophers such as Aristotle Hellenistic thinkers such as Ptolemy and earlier Persian/ Muslim scientists and philosophers, such as Al-Kindi (Alkindus), Al-Farabi (Alfarabi), and Al-Bīrūnī.

The book is divided into four parts: logic, natural sciences, mathematics (a quadrivium of arithmetic, geometry, astronomy), and metaphysics.

Thus, despite its title, it is not concerned with medicine, in contrast to Avicenna's earlier The Canon of Medicine (5 vols.) which is, in fact, medical. This work is Ibn Sina's major work on science and philosophy, and is intended to 'cure' or 'heal' ignorance of the soul. He most likely began to compose the book in 1014, completed it around 1020, and published it in 1027.

The Book of Healing ( Arabic: کتاب الشفاء, romanized: Kitāb al-Shifāʾ Latin: Sufficientia also known as The Cure or Assepha) is a scientific and philosophical encyclopedia written by Abu Ali ibn Sīna (aka Avicenna) from medieval Persia, near Bukhara in Maverounnahr.

Tibbe bu ali sina pdf